terraform s3 bucket encryption example

Some of the tools mentioned above are capable of identifying these issues, including Cloudrail. . Take a look at an example S3 bucket without specific actions in the policy and how the different tools react to it. Terraform template files can be used to repeat the same process numerous times instead of manually configuring, Terraform vs. Kubernetes: Key Differences, Object vs File Storage: When and Why to Use Them. In our example, it will find all aws_s3_bucket resources that will be created or updated and that also have the ACL property explicitly set to public-read-write. Terraform Cloud Creating Private TLS Certs Dockerfile - Build Docker images automatically II - revisiting FROM, MAINTAINER, build context, and caching Dockerfile - Build Docker images automatically III - RUN Dockerfile - Build Docker images automatically IV - CMD Dockerfile - Build Docker images automatically V - WORKDIR, ENV, ADD, and ENTRYPOINT Indeni uses cookies to allow us to better understand how the site is used. There is a "simple" case demonstrated, with all assets in a single AWS account, and a "complex" case, where the S3 bucket is in a different account to the EC2 instance. Understanding the differences between tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, Ansible, and Puppet. Terraform Cloud/Enterprise uses Sentinel to implement governance as code to make sure provisioned resources are compliant with corporate security and operational requirements. Well assume you use Terraform for building your S3 buckets, and have some sort of CI/CD process around it (using a generic CI/CD platform, or a Terraform-specific one). Take a look at Cloudrail today, by signing up and beginning to use it within minutes. The bucket.tf file stores the basic configurations for the S3 bucket instance. Type the following commands in Terraform, but exclude the first command if you already have Terraform initialized: Terraform template files can be used to repeat the same process numerous times instead of manually configuring AWS cloud services every time you need them. I want to create a S3 and make it encryption at rest with AES256, but terraform complain that: * aws_s3_bucket.s3: : invalid or unknown key: server_side_encryption_configuration (see my code complained by terraform below) What is wrong with server_side_encryption_configuration? Checks only buckets that are private that is no public ACLs, no public access via S3 policy, and not public access via CloudFront. If you need to deploy several S3 buckets for an application, you can manually configure them, but this takes several minutes, and you would need to repeat the same process next time you need AWS cloud storage. S3 buckets are Amazons cloud storage service. Terraform module which creates S3 bucket on AWS with all (or almost all) features provided by Terraform AWS provider. Depending on how many S3 files you want to process, you might want to change these parameters to their maximum values: Memory size = 10240 Timeout = 900 S3 Event Notification 4. You can start a trial plan that includes Terraform Cloud Governance in the Plan and Billing screen of your organization. AWS Simple Storage Service(S3) provides secure, durable and highly scalable object storage. A Community Blog by the Solutions Engineers of HashiCorp and Invited Guests, How to estimate user stories with Planning PokerPart 2/2, How to Lose Money with the New AWS ELB Network Load Balancer, Scaling Out Azure Functions With Event Hubs Effectively 2, resource "aws_s3_bucket" "bucket-public-read-write-acl" {, policy disallow-s3-acl-public-read-write {, policy enforce-s3-versioning-mfa-delete-enabled-true {, policy enforce-s3-versioning-enabled-true {, policy enforce-s3-server-side-encryption-enabled-true {, //find all aws_s3_bucket that has acl=public-read-write, violatingS3Buckets = filter tfplan.resource_changes as _, rc {, //print out address for non-compliant bucket, disallow-s3-acl-public-read-write.sentinel, More from HashiCorp Solutions Engineering Blog, A Terraform Enterprise/Cloud account. I have started with just provider declaration and one simple resource to create a bucket as shown below-. aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration.this: resource: aws_s3_bucket_versioning.this: This can only be used when you set the value of sse_algorithm as aws:kms. As we all know, fixing a setting after your S3 bucket is used in production can be costly, time consuming, and downright depressing. Most of the IaC security tools actually miss the point of the VPC endpoint entirely. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/security-best-practices.html, S3 bucket without specific actions in the policy, heres a similar example where encryption is not used, Ensure the buckets are not public by their ACLs, Checks bucket ACLs, as well as public access blocks configured in the account itself, or within the IaC, Ensure the buckets are not public by their policy, Ensure you follow least privilege concepts in your policies, Checks bucket policies, and some IAM policies, Calculates how IAM and bucket policies impact every pair of IAM Entity and Bucket to determine where there are exposures, Checks if bucket is not encrypted, or traffic is not encrypted. WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. text. With this knowledge we can now write a simple Terraform Module. It is suitable for DevOps engineers with a security mindset. The diagram below illustrates this idea: This blog will show you how to use Terraform Enterprise/Cloud to govern the AWS S3 provisioning process and ensure that all S3 buckets provisioned by Terraform are compliant with AWS published S3 security best practices. Theyre named. Thankfully, many Terraform modules make it easy to set up an S3 VPC endpoint. Search for the name of the bucket you have mentioned. You may obtain a copy of the License at, http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. Now run terraform apply to create s3 bucket. hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 4.38.0. Using ACL policy grants The acl and grant arguments are read-only as of version 4.0 of the Terraform AWS Provider. This doesn't change the way the objects are accessed, as long as the user has the necessary permissions . According to the S3 official Doc, S3 bucket can be imported using. bucket = aws_s3_bucket.spacelift-test1-s3.id - The original S3 bucket ID which we created in Step 2. The bucket.tf file stores the name, region, and access keys for the S3 bucket. A Terraform template contains settings for the S3 bucket and can be used to send commands to the API to deploy multiple S3 buckets simultaneously within seconds so you dont have to repeat the same steps manually. In between those two steps, you insert a Terraform security analysis tool. All of the mentioned tools will tell you if you have a bucket using any of the public ACLs (public-read, public-read-write, authenticated-read). Refer to the README.md in each of the sub directories for more information. Lets review a few of AWSs suggested best practices and how theyre handled with a Terraform security analysis tool. S3 is easy to use and we can store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web. In this example, read-only access to the bucket the-private-bucket is delegated to the AWS account 123456789012 . The only step you need to take is creating the Terraform files so they deploy the S3 buckets. Although AWS published S3 security best practices a few years ago, this still happens and makes headlines. By continuing to use this site, you consent to this policy. You need to make sure to configure your CI/CD pipeline to actually look at the exit code of your selected tool, and if its not zero, stop the pipeline. In this example, two Terraform template files are created. ), Once you get a free Terraform Cloud account, please create an. The AWS S3 bucket policy shouldnt grant any principal wide actions, like * and s3:*. Again, opinionated, but saves developers time while maintaining security. The Terraform state is written to the key path/to/my/key. There have been many security incidents in recent years caused by misconfigured S3 buckets. What this means is that you have a job/step that executes terraform plan -out=myfile and a separate job/step that runs terraform apply myfile. Please feel free to collaborate with me there and make your S3 buckets more secure. Both of these files will contain the S3 bucket name, configurations, access keys to user profiles so that the bucket can be accessible, and a region to store the bucket. $ terraform import aws_s3_bucket.mybucket s3-bucket-name. Use AWS Config and other AWS security services to identify deviations from the suggested measures. aws_ s3_ bucket_ server_ side_ encryption_ configuration aws_ s3_ bucket_ versioning aws_ s3_ bucket_ website_ configuration aws_ s3_ object Cloudrail is unique in that it not only is aware of the need for the S3 endpoints, it will also check that your S3 bucket policy is requiring traffic accessing the objects to come from your defined VPC endpoints. Run terraform plan to verify the script.It will let us know what will happen if the above script is executed. In this example, two Terraform template files are created. This assumes we have a bucket created called mybucket. Of course, this is just an example which may or not be applicable for your case. isn't it supported? window_in_days = 10} resource " aws_s3_bucket " " example " { bucket = " example " server_side_encryption . Posted by Yoni Leitersdorf on April 27, 2021 in Infrastructure Compliance Automation. There is a "simple" case demonstrated, with all assets in a single AWS account, and a "complex" case, where the S3 bucket is in a different account to the EC2 instance. Published 2 days ago. 3. Lets verify the same by loggin into S3 console. E.g. I am trying to create encrypted S3 bucket. Trigger a Plan or Run of your workspace, and see the result. Under Default encryption, choose Edit. aws_ s3_ bucket_ intelligent_ tiering_ configuration . Disabling server-side encryption of S3 buckets is security-sensitive. Were here to help. Published a day ago. Use Amazon Macie to identify sensitive content in your S3 buckets. AWS S3 bucket Terraform module. In this post we will cover how we go about implementing AWS S3 bucket security best practices using IaC security (Terraform S3 Bucket security) essentially making sure that the AWS S3 buckets are secure from the get-go, without needing to fix them after-the-fact. Objects can be encrypted with S3 Managed Keys (SSE-S3), KMS Managed Keys (SSE-KMS), or Customer Provided Keys (SSE-C). AWS KMS key ARN Amazon S3 Bucket Keys reduce the request costs of Amazon S3 server-side encryption (SSE) with AWS Key Management Service (KMS). Navigate inside the bucket and create your bucket configuration file. Usage Enabling server-side encryption (SSE) on S3 buckets at the object level protects data at rest and helps prevent the breach of sensitive information assets. SSE encryption of S3 using Terraform. The default aws/s3 AWS KMS master key is used if this element is absent while the sse_algorithm is aws:kms. In the Buckets list, choose the name of the bucket that you want. In this blog post, well look at how we can enforce these measures while still building the S3 buckets, so we dont need to fix things later. Some of the tools mentioned above are capable of identifying this, including Cloudrail. Follow these steps to create the bucket.tf file and variables.tf file and deploy S3 bucket instances. The intention of this set of assets is to allow exploration of using strong encryption-at-rest with S3 and AWS managed keys. 2. hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws latest version 4.38.0. This preventative behavior is better than finding non-compliant resources after the fact. terraform { backend "s3" { bucket = "mybucket" key = "path/to/my/key" region = "us-east-1" } } Copy. So when someone runs terraform plan, the new table will lock its state, thus, preventing concurrent updates. In our policy set setting file, sentinel.hclwe have specified 7 policies that are set to soft-mandatory: Any new or updated resource will be checked before the plan can be applied. Make sure its not public, unless you meant for it to be. If not, you must initialize Terraform before applying environment changes. You signed in with another tab or window. kms_master_key_id - (optional) The AWS KMS master key ID used for the SSE-KMS encryption. Encrypt the data in transit (as its crossing the Internet). The filter expression will find a subset of resources from all resources referenced in the plan. $ cd s3-website. One thing to note is that by default, Lambda has a timeout of three seconds and memory of 128 MBs only. Step 1: Create AWS S3 bucket. This is an opinionated approach, but avoids creating noise for the development team and stopping the CI pipeline unnecessarily. module s3_bucket { source = "github.com/jakeasarus/terraform/s3_bucket" bucket_prefix = "this-is-only-a-test-bucket-delete-me-123" target_bucket = "this-is-the-target-bucket" } This is an example of the usage. Under preventative measures, we largely see: Under monitoring and auditing measures, we largely see: These are great suggestions. Theyre named bucket.tf and variables.tf. Create S3 bucket module Create a module that will have a basic S3 file configuration. Its not unusual for a large enterprise to deploy numerous S3 buckets for development, testing, and other services. Terraform module which creates S3 bucket on AWS with all (or almost all) features provided by Terraform AWS provider. Both of these files will contain the S3 bucket name, configurations, access keys to user profiles so that the bucket can be accessible, and a region to store the bucket. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Lets do a detailed review of one of the policies, disallow-s3-acl-public-read-write.sentinel: This statement allows the policy to use the Terraform Sentinel tfplan/v2 import, which contains data from the plan. Under Encryption key type, choose AWS KMS key (SSE-KMS) and choose the AWS KMS key format that you prefer: AWS managed key (aws/s3). You can find instructions for connecting Terraform Cloud and Terraform Enterprise organizations to VCS repositories here. Example Configuration. Cloudrail takes this a step further and actually checks to see if a bucket is public (either directly, or through a proxy like CloudFront). Step-5: Initialize Terraform. Use Amazon Macie to identify sensitive content in your S3 buckets. Description . Are you sure you want to create this branch? If you havent read it, suggest doing so before continuing: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/security-best-practices.html. Most tools, Cloudrail included, support common output formats like JUnit and SARIF, so that the CI/CD platform can visually display any issues easily. We then need a DynamoDB table with a hash key of LockID that Terraform will use for consistency checking and state locking. If such a block is set, then a public ACL on a bucket will not trigger a violation. . Monitor and log CloudWatch, CloudTracker and access logs. You can also edit sentinel.hclin your own fork to select the policies you want to use and their enforcement levels. 2022 Indeni Ltd. All Rights Reserved. enable default encryption on s3 bucket terraformimportance of higher education October 31, 2022 . (Provisioning S3 buckets by itself wont cost you any money. Connect a policy set to a fork of this repository and select workspaces that you want to govern. The last statement validates that the number of violating S3 buckets is 0 in the main rule, which determines if the policy should pass or fail. And also , Click the bucket , Choose Properties , to verify whether versioning is enabled. Under Server-side encryption options, choose Enable. AWS S3 bucket Terraform module. All code and examples from this blog can be found in this repository. This example is simple yet powerful. You can have a bucket exposed publicly by setting a policy with a principal of *. Step 3: Create DynamoDB table. This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. To manually set up the AWS S3 Bucket Policy for your S3 bucket, you have to open the S3 service in the Web console: Select your S3 Bucket from the list: Go to the Permissions tab: Scroll the page down to Bucket Policy and hit the Edit button: Paste the S3 Bucket Policy to the Policy input field: Do not forget to change the S3 Bucket ARNs in the . For that, create one folder named "S3," we will have two files: bucket.tf and var.tf. To enable default encryption on an Amazon S3 bucket Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the Amazon S3 console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3/. bucket.tf Explanation HashiCorp has announced the release of version 4.0 of their Terraform AWS provider. For example, Anton Babenkos VPC module will do that by default. Encrypt data at rest, and in-transit. If a bucket is public, Cloudrail will not require it to be encrypted. For example, take a look at an S3 bucket policy allowing public read: In this specific example, the use of "Principal": {"AWS": "*"}, is the problematic part of the policy. The release also . terraform-compliance is providing a similar functionality only for terraform while it is free-to-use and it is Open Source. Some of the tools, Cloudrail included, will also look at your bucket policy and make sure you have a condition in your policy requiring HTTPS access to the bucket (and not allowing HTTP). Overview . Introduction - Configure AWS S3 bucket as Terraform backend. You can use open source options like checkov, tfsec, OPA, terraform-compliance and terrascan. Step 2: Modify AWS S3 bucket policy. 1. In this example, two Terraform template files are created. Use VPC endpoints for accessing AWS S3 bucket data, to avoid traffic going over the public Internet. Hashicorps Terraform uses the concept of infrastructure as code to avoid human mistakes. Encrypting the bucket at rest is covered by all of the IaC security tools. The following is a collection of materials around S3 policies in general, and some about S3 and encryption. After I execute terraform apply, it all looks good, but when I look at the bucket in the AWS Console, it's not encrypted. you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. Step 1: Create the bucket.tf File Terraform module which creates S3 bucket on AWS with all (or almost all) features provided by Terraform AWS provider. https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/process-encrypted-data-in-amazon-emr-with-amazon-s3-and-aws-kms/, https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/encrypt-your-amazon-redshift-loads-with-amazon-s3-and-aws-kms/, https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/how-to-restrict-amazon-s3-bucket-access-to-a-specific-iam-role/, http://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/reference_policies_elements_condition.html, http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/example-bucket-policies.html, https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/aws/d/iam_policy_document.html. Under monitoring and auditing measures, we largely see: Make sure you didn't miss any buckets. In addition, IAM policies attached to users, groups and roles, shouldnt use wildcard actions. The end goal is to demonstrate the creation of an S3 bucket that has strong encryption-at-rest and an EC2 instance that can use the appropriate key(s) to read from the bucket. Why AI Healthcare Solutions Provide Better Outcomes. The S3 bucket policy might look something like this. Type the following commands in Terraform: You use the same steps as above to create bucket instances. This release introduces significant, breaking changes to the Amazon S3 bucket resource. In addition, S3 bucket Object Lock configuration can be imported using the bucket and expected_bucket_owner separated by a comma (,) e.g., $ terraform import aws_s3_bucket_object_lock_configuration.example bucket-name,123456789012 Request an invite to our Slack support channel for the fastest response. The specific principal referenced is the root user of that account, but this is effective for any IAM user/role on that account having access specifically granted via an IAM policy. SSD vs. HDD Speeds: Whats the Difference? You can name it as per your wish, but to keep things simple , I will name it main.tf. Note that for the access credentials we recommend using a partial configuration. You can then apply the changes to your environment to create the S3 bucket. Encrypting the bucket at rest is covered by all of the IaC security tools. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); Use AWS Config and other AWS security services to identify deviations from the suggested measures. . Cloudrail takes this a step further and actually checks to see if a bucket is public (either directly, or through a proxy like CloudFront). a sample policy could be, if you are working with AWS, you should not create an S3 bucket, without having any encryption. When we perform a plan, Terraform Cloud sends the planned output to Sentinel for policy checking. One of the reasons is that S3 buckets created with the Amazon S3 Management Console are subject to human mistakes. As an example, here is our own S3 bucket module that we use for S3 buckets used by the Cloudrail service: The process S3 bucket is one of the buckets we have in our setup. Or, you can choose to use our very own Cloudrail. If its not, youll get a message about it from Cloudrail. This is commonly overlooked. Version your objects so you can roll back, and lock objects from being modified. Being able to persist data in S3 with strong encryption is a very attractive option on top of controlling access to the contents of buckets. These features of S3 bucket configurations are supported: static web-site hosting; access logging; versioning; CORS; lifecycle rules; server-side encryption; object locking; Cross-Region . AWS has a detailed document covering their suggestions for securing S3 buckets. We often hear the news that some apps or companies have data breaches because of insecure AWS S3 buckets. Terraform simplifies deployment of S3 buckets and reduces provisioning time from several hours to a few seconds.

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