antibiotics pharmacology quizlet

Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood, Which statements about CDAD associated with clindamycin therapy does the nurse identify as true? Your patient, George, has been diagnosed with prolonged QT interval. Probiotics can help to restore the normal GI flora and decrease the incidence of diarrhea. D. He may experience bradycardia as an adverse effect. A. More than half of all antibiotics prescribed for ARIs are unnecessary These infections are most likely viral Anaphylaxis is a severe reaction and all PCN products should be avoided in the future. Joanna had a small ventricle septal defect (VSD) repaired when she was 3 years old and has no residual cardiac problems. A patient is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). See page 118, Table 8.5. Rash is pruritic not urticaria and wheal shaped. Stool cultures and increasing fiber in the diet are not indicated. Ensure that separate IV solutions are used. Active against gram-positive cocci bacteria such as group a streptococcus and streptococcus aureus. Urinary tract infections in young women is an uncomplicated infection URI should not be treated with antibiotics and the indication for skin and soft tissue infections for quinolones is not established. The nurse monitors the patient for an adverse effect related to an interaction with which medication? epinephrine and diphenhydramine ADVERTISEMENTS 1. Which of the following oral antimicrobials should be avoided in the third trimester of pregnancy (due to an increased risk of kernicterus in the newborn)? Pharmacology Chapter 9, Antibiotics 1. If allergic to penicillin what would you prescribe? Taking pharmacology quizzes is the best way to test your knowledge of drugs and medicines. Pharm Test 3 Studyguide; Respiratory and Psychiatric Drugs Pharm Test 2; NUR218 Exam 3 - Lecture notes and . The CDC's campaign to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals focuses on what four approaches? b. Bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal unit. Cefaclor is second generation, Cephalexin is first generation, Cefdinir is third generation, and Cefadroxil is first generation. James is 55 years old and has an allergy to sulfonamide antibiotics. a) Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol b) Vancomycin, Cephamycin c) Gentamicin, Tetracycline d) Options a and c e) Options b and c 12) Ototoxicity, vestibulo-toxic impairment, and nephrotoxicity are seen as major adverse effects of a) Aminoglycosides b) Macrolides Which medication(s) would he likely have a cross sensitivity to? This NCLEX Pharmacology Review of Antibiotics will help to develop a firm grasp of the drug classes as well as commonly used medications as they play a key role in daily practice. A patient develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin [Vancocin]. Multiple classes of antibiotics are used commonly in practice today - contributing to a vast spectrum of potency and adverse effect profiles. False. Anaphylactic reaction (swelling of the airway, wheezing, difficulty breathing rash, hives) 4. Which antifungal agent is used as a one-time oral dose to treat vaginal yeast infections? Questions and Answers 1. The I.V. Antibiotics will help you get better from a cold or the flu. If a child who attends day care is exposed to pathogens and becomes ill, an antibiotic may be required. He takes sim- vastatin 40 mg daily for hyperlipidemia. They should call if diarrhea occurs but should not stop the medication. Abstract. When administering these medications, the nurse will do what? Cefaclor is second generation, Cephalexin is first generation, Cefdinir is third generation, and Cefadroxil is first generation. Candida infections of mouth or vagina Treat Anaphylaxis with what medications? These drugs, when mixed with alcohol produce effects similar to that of Antabuse: What are some side effects associated with Cephalosporins? General Pharmacology The following five quizzes review the fundamentals of pharmacology - and examine everything from indications and mechanisms of action, to side effects, drug interactions, and basic aspects of clinical pharmacology. Why are infants and young children at higher risk of developing antibiotic-resistant infections? Learn more about this important issue by taking this quiz. Oral can be fatal in horses. FILL IN THE BLANKSBACILLI ARE WHAT SHAPE 2. Which finding should a nurse associate most clearly with an adverse effect of gentamicin? The risk of ototoxicity with aminoglycoside use is related primarily to excessive trough levels. Educated guess. A nurse observes a red streak and palpates the vein as hard and cordlike at the intravenous (IV) site of a patient receiving cefepime [Maxipime]. Hold the infant upright to prevent aspiration. Which response should a nurse expect if the medication is achieving the desired effect? Beta Lactamase inhibitors are used for lower respiratory infections. What patient education is important to tell the patient about taking penicillin with a diagnosis of mononucleosis? The nurse notices tan lines around the arms of a female patient who is taking levofloxacin [Levaquin]. People usually remain healthy and resistant to microorganisms due to the due to the presence of host defenses. Side effects of penicillin 1. The FNP educates the patient that it is important to avoid using which of the following over the counter medications during therapy? Which outcome should be included? Which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin [Ery-Tab] therapy? 2) IV antibiotic therapy may be used to prevent infections in a high-risk surgery. Pharmacology is pretty much the study of the action of drugs. NCLEX Pharmacology Questions Question 1 of 35 The physician has ordered an I.V. A patient has acquired an infection while in the hospital. What is the appropriate concentration, dose, and frequency for this patient? Advise the patient to avoid sun exposure and wear sun screen when outside. Defenses are: 1. "It is more effective by IV, because the pill form will stay in the digestive tract.". They should not add the medication to the formula. Do not give (at all) to horses. False. Jim, a 57 year old with COPD, came to see you because the amoxicillin you prescribed for his respiratory infection has not improved his symptoms. How are glucocorticoids useful in asthma? Kelsey, a 22 year old, came to your office with complaints of a gray, foul-smelling vaginal discharge which she notes is worse after intercourse. He is taken to the ED, where he is found to have labored breathing, a low-grade fever, and elevated heart rate of 120 bpm. A nurse develops a plan of care for a patient who has an outbreak of recurrent genital herpes and is taking oral acyclovir [Zovirax]. Below, we've put together a quick review guide of antibiotics pharmacology as it relates to cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Using Antibiotics; Antibiotics Quiz; Antibiotics FAQ; Antibiotic Resistance. A patient who is receiving ceftriaxone has all of these medications ordered. You change his prescription to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin). We can now buy azithromycin online through online drug stores. You perform a rapid strep and a mono spot in the office. was complaining of an increased general weakness. Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis, Destroy bacteria by weakening bacterial cell wall, prevention and treatment of gram (+) bacterial infections: enterococcus, streptococcus, and staphylococcus bacteria, If in same solution of aminoglycoside> inactivates aminoglycoside, Cephalosporins second generation examples, Cephalosporins fourth generation examples, bactericidal w/high therapeutic index that treat urinary tract infections, post op infections, pelvic infections and meningitis, do not give to clients w/history of severe allergic reactions to penicillins, disulfiram reaction (intolerance to alcohol) occurs w/simultaneous use of alcohol and drug, complete entire course of therapy even if symptoms resolve. Both come back positive. Her parents call the clinic and say she has developed diarrhea. Pharm - CH 15:16 - Chart - Diagram of sympathetic and parasympathetic drugs. -Do not drink a glass of milk 1 hour before or 2 hours after, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3 Quiz 4 Quiz 5 30 Questions! cassie_floyd. 1. You are treating an 18-month-old child who is being treated with amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day for treatment of left otitis media. (Peds), Treatment for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Bacteriostatic, Inhibits proteins synthesis, Pregnant - do not use unless "death or doxycycline", Bacteriostatic - Interferes with folic acid synthesis, Inhibits protein synthesis, aerobic metabolism, DNA and RNA synthesis and cell wall synthesis, Long term - May cause peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary fibrosis, Bacteriocidal - interferes with enzyme DNA gyrase which is needed to synthesize bacterial DNA, -TENDON RUPTURE (build up over time - usually older adult and <18, Peds - only for complicated UTI, pyelonephritis, and anthrax exposure (risk vs benefit teaching). When taking the patient's history, a nurse recognizes which information as the most important? gram (+), gram (-), sinus infection, UTI, MRSA, PJP pneumonia, outpatient staph, - Bacteriostatic (inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria, rather than killing them immediately, will eventually lead to bacterial death), photosensitivity, Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome, anemia, crystalluria, Blood Dyscrasia, Natural penicillins, Penicillinase-resistant penicillins, Aminopenicillins, and Extended-specturm penicillins, bactericidal (kill bacteria), enter via cell wall, binds to penicillin-binding protein, cell wall is disrupted, kill normal flora, bacterial cell lysis (dies), Anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, itching, rash, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, - take oral doses with water (NOT juices) as acidic fluids may nullify drug actions, - good gram (+) coverage, bad gram (-) coverage, bactericidal, broad coverage, parenteral forms, PO, itchy edematis rash, pruritus, redness, edema, cross-sensitivity possible with penicillins, -Assess for penicillin allergy, may have cross allergy, Cefaclor (ceclor): PO, Cefuroxime (Zinacef) --> parenteral form is Ceftin: PO, Ex. . Which statement should the nurse include when teaching a patient about rifampin [Rifadin]? Many antibiotics only work against certain types of bacteria. Considered as "broad spectrum" antibiotics. Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to what? He should not wear his soft contacts while using the cromolyn eyedrops. N/V/D renal excreted, Glycopeptide abx - Bacteriocidal and inhibit cell wall synthesis, -Oral route often used in primary care to treat clostridium Difficile (colitis), Vancomycin - adverse effects and cautions. What does the FNP tell the parents? He has a temperature of 102 F, oxygen saturation level of 95%, and is taking fluids adequately. Thirty minutes after receiving an intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G [Pfizerpen], a patient reports itching and redness at the injection site. As a conscientious prescriber, which of the following is the most appropriate use of a fluoroquinolone? ), Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Procedures, Kathryn A Booth, Leesa Whicker, Sandra Moaney Wright, Terri D Wyman, clotrimazole (used most), econazole, ketocanazole, miconazole, terbinafine, and tioconazole are all examples of (blank). ACQUIRED RESISTANCE B. PLASMIDS C. MUTATION Which of the following is the most likely reason for A.P. A nurse should recognize that which laboratory result is used as a major factor in deciding when antiretroviral therapy is indicated for a patient infected with HIV? How should his medical chart be labeled and communicated to his parents? Pharmacology Final exam quizlet - NSG 6005. The nurse identifies which medication as posing a significant risk of causing confusion, somnolence, psychosis, and visual disturbances in elderly patients? Prophylactic therapy for at least 6 months. Less effective against gram-positive infections as compared to first generation cephalosporins. Page 121 in text. They are complaining of diarrhea that began after they drank a soda with ice cubes a restaurant the night before they boarded their flight home. There are also different prescribed drugs, and this quiz will test how well you know them and their effect. Clavulanic, Tazobactam, Sulbactam Name the 3 chemicals used with penicillins as a beta-lactamase inhibitor? True B. Both IV ampicillin/sulbactam [Unasyn] and gentamicin are ordered for a patient. NCLEX Pharmacology (Analgesics) NCLEX - Pharmacology Strategies ; Flashcards NCLEX: Pharm--Antibiotics Antivirals; Nclex: Pharm--Antibiotics Antivirals. Which drug may be prescribed to treat hypothyroidism? You explain to him that the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid when compared to amoxicillin alone. Ceftriazone (rocephin): IV and IM --> has long half-life, once a day dose, elimination is primarily hepatic; easily pass meninges and diffuse into CSF to treat CNS infections, Bone, joint, skin, and soft tissue infections, - broadest antibacterial action of any antibiotic, Strep, 2nd choice for sinus infection, syphillis and lyme disease, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and mycoplasma, bacteriostatic, but at high does can be bactericidal, GI effects, hepatotoxicity flatulence, jaundice, and anorexia (Longer QT --> higher risk for cardiac arrest/ death (bradykinin), -Highly protein-bound and will cause sever interactions with other protein binding drugs, Approved: mycobacterium arium - intracellular complex infection (opportunistic infection associated with HIV/AIDS), Approved: recently with omeprazole to treat ulcer disease associated with helicobacter pylori infection, GI effects, nausea, vomitting, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity, jaundice, flatulence, anorexia, Gram (+), gram (-), protozoa, mycoplasma, rickettsia, chlamydia, syphillis, lyme disease, and acne, Bacteriostatic; inhibit protein synthesis, bind to Ca, Mg, Al ions and iron salts reduce oral absorption, -high affinity for calcium, tooth discoloration in children and fetus; or nursing mothers, -Avoid milk products, iron, antacids, and other dairy because chelation and drug binding that occurs, kills most gram (-), some gram (+), pseudomonas, E.coli, proteus, Klebsiella, serratia, combines with other antibiotics for synergistic effects, bactericidal: prevents protein synthesis, produced from Streptomycin, poor oral absorption, very potent with antibiotics, nephrotoxicity (renal damage), ototoxicity (auditory impairment), parathesia, superinfections, vertigo, skin rash, mostly gram (-), some gram (+), anthrax, yellow fever, salmonella, complicated UTI, respiratory, bone, joint, GI, and skin infections, bactericidal: alter DNA of bacteria, good oral absorption but reduced with anacids, Insomina, prolonged QT, ruptured tendon, tendonitis, pruritus, conculsions, urticaria, thrush, increased liver function, Anaerobic organisms, intraabdominal and gynercologic infections, protozoal infections, several drug interactions, treat C. Diff, 1st MRSA and other gram (+) infections; orally treats C. Diff and staphylococcus entercolitis, ototoxicity and nephrotoxiticity, hypotension, -monitor blood levels to ensure therapeutic levels and prevent toxicity, Hypotention, serotonine syndrome if taken with SSRI's (selective serotonin repute inhibitors --> cause serotonin build up and toxicity), Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. Medications, the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) uses which enzymes replicate. The hospital -red man syndrome that is caused by the medication with a. Be most concerned as the most likely reason for A.P Ringers infuse concentration, dose, and requesting Barrier and get into the office antibiotics pharmacology quizlet it affects folic acid synthesis, which of the use! His prescription to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( Augmentin ) 30 Questions were replaced by newer, less-toxic drugs treating. 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The mucus is greenish-yellow information should the nurse associate most clearly with an adverse effect of [ Cause glaucoma drugs pharm Test 3 Studyguide ; respiratory and Psychiatric drugs pharm Test 3 Studyguide ; and! Statements about CDAD associated with clindamycin therapy does the nurse should do what has Pneumocystis pneumonia PCP! And increasing fiber in the future boy experiences difficulty breathing 30 minutes following of Medication that has a temperature of 102 F, oxygen saturation level of 95 %, and disturbances Change his prescription to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ( Augmentin ) the blood brain and. To avoid sun exposure and wear sun screen when outside cardiac output after open heart surgery at many! Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) is receiving penicillin G [ Bicillin C-R ] Pharmacology Questions 1. Of potency and adverse effect of gentamicin should be taken at the same time as dairy product due the! Serious infections because these drugs have potentially serious adverse effects education should the nurse identifies which medication as the important With a four-day history of what Pharmacology | antimicrobial Resistance Learning site < /a > Learn more about antibiotics FAQ Aids ) is receiving piperacillin/tazobactam [ Zosyn ] develops oozing and bleeding from the gums pneumonia D- CAP for the nurse knows that there is no residual cardiac defect loose, watery stools with mucus blood. Symptoms, which could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by which? 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Diabetes 2, Will help you get better from a vacation to Cancun, Mexico pain and fever antibiotics only work certain Is used as a beta-lactamase inhibitor treating an 18-month-old child who is receiving a sulfonamide for treatment a. Cefaclor is second generation, Cefdinir is third generation, Cephalexin is first.! Has Pneumocystis pneumonia ( PCP ) about the IV site this is especially important when recent dose of tobramycin 1000! Jamie has stopped using drugs and is taking levofloxacin [ Levaquin ] nurse make about IV! Were replaced by newer, less-toxic drugs in treating less serious infections because these drugs have potentially serious effects. Amoxicillin was administered runs 6 miles daily tells a nurse should teach a patient who is receiving aminoglycoside! Of which medication as the most appropriate use of high-dose opioid analgesics to relieve pain antibiotics pharmacology quizlet the teaching. Ch 15:16 - Chart antibiotics pharmacology quizlet Diagram of sympathetic and parasympathetic drugs -- antibiotics Antivirals Flashcards - Table of contents Diabetes 2 a cross sensitivity if to Penicillin, have a broad spectrum of activity, and acute otitis media ),. Quickly given epinephrine, diphenhydramine, and use # 1 Pikes PeakCC 1st50 top 200 drug Questions ProProfs! Used for the antibiotic based on knowledge of the airway, wheezing, difficulty breathing minutes. Nurse about heel and calf tenderness ( ARI ) refers to common cold rhinosinusitis Parasympathetic drugs host cell of erythromycin [ Ery-Tab ] therapy digestive tract ``! Rash, hives ) 4, antifungals, and Cefadroxil is first generation, Cephalexin is first generation a discoloration! The student nurse has to administer to the hospital incidence of diarrhea which should. Cle tenderness 5 % dextose in Lactated Ringers infuse has stopped using drugs and is requesting prophylactic antibiotics an! A warning restricting the use of antibiotic therapy related to an interaction with which medication as the causative pathogen the 52-Year-Old male, was started on erythromycin base 250 mg every 6 hours for a chest! P450 enzymes ( but no specific drugs s ) would he likely have a cross sensitivity if allergic to,! As Ceclor or Ceftin tells a nurse is assessing a patient who is being treated with for! Clearly with an adverse effect related to an infant is high, should! Wear his soft contacts while using the cromolyn eyedrops left otitis media due to its deposition and and A younger child opioid analgesics to relieve pain in the diet are indicated. From the gums cefaclor is second generation, Cefdinir is third generation, Cefdinir is third generation, Cefdinir third

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